To assess needs of treatment and determine the prevalence of dental decay among students who lived officially in halls of residence in Dakar, a cross-sectional survey from a two-staged sampling was conducted. The following results were obtained: Three hundred and thirty students (78%) had at least one dental decay and among whom 72% presented teeth to fill and 28% teeth to pull out. One hundred and thirty students (32.5%) had at least one missing tooth and one hundred and nineteen students (29.75%) had at least one filled tooth. The average DMF was 3.52. One hundred eighty eight (47%) have needed denture. These relatively high indicators provided with schooling area suggest not only the necessity of improving the existing dental services, but the management of performing prevention programme from Elementary school until University.