Rapid actions of androgens

Front Neuroendocrinol. 2008 May;29(2):182-98. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2007.08.004. Epub 2007 Oct 5.

Abstract

The biological activity of androgens is thought to occur predominantly through binding to intracellular androgen-receptors, a member of the nuclear receptor family, that interact with specific nucleotide sequences to alter gene expression. This genomic-androgen effect typically takes at least more than half an hour. In contrast, the rapid or non-genomic actions of androgens are manifested within in seconds to few minutes. This rapid effect of androgens are manifold, ranging from activation of G-protein coupled membrane androgen-receptors or sex hormone-binding globulin receptors, stimulation of different protein kinases, to direct modulation of voltage- and ligand gated ion-channels and transporters. The physiological relevance of these non-genomic androgen actions has not yet been determined in detail. However, it may contribute to modulate several second messenger systems or transcription factors, which suggests a cross-talk between the fast non-genomic and the slow genomic pathway of androgens. This review will focus on the rapid effects of androgens on cell surface and cytoplasmic level.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Androgens / biosynthesis
  • Androgens / physiology*
  • Animals
  • Calcium / metabolism
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / physiology
  • Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / physiology
  • Homeostasis / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Ion Channels / drug effects
  • Ion Transport / drug effects
  • Membrane Lipids / physiology
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / physiology
  • Models, Biological
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / physiology
  • Protein Kinase C / physiology
  • Receptors, Androgen / physiology
  • Second Messenger Systems / drug effects
  • Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / physiology
  • Testosterone / physiology
  • Time Factors
  • Transcription Factors / drug effects

Substances

  • Androgens
  • Ion Channels
  • Membrane Lipids
  • Receptors, Androgen
  • Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin
  • Transcription Factors
  • Testosterone
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases
  • Protein Kinase C
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins
  • Calcium