Since 1995 the United States Public Health Service has recommended voluntary prenatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing for all pregnant women in the United States. To better understand how well this goal is being met in Wisconsin, the Wisconsin Division of Public Health facilitated a review of hospital medical records for a random sample of women who gave birth in Wisconsin in 2003. Of the 968 maternal medical records reviewed, 68% (95% CI: 65%-71%) showed evidence that the mother had a completed HIV antibody test during pregnancy. Rates of prenatal HIV testing were higher in Milwaukee County. After controlling for residence, prenatal HIV testing rates were higher among Hispanic mothers compared to white mothers; African American and white mothers had similar testing rates. These data suggest that the goal of voluntary HIV testing for all pregnant women is not currently being met in Wisconsin.