Long-term renal allograft survival has not improved significantly in recent years and only a minority of grafts survives for more than 15 years. To evaluate the association between HSPA1A G(190)C, HSPA1B A(1267)G and TLR4 A(299)G polymorphisms and allograft survival we analyzed DNA of patients with long-term renal graft function over 15 years (Tx15), consecutively transplanted recipients (Tx), patients with acute rejection and healthy controls. HSPA1B (1267)AA was less prevalent in Tx versus Tx15 (P = 0.02) and versus controls (P = 0.004). HSPA1B (1267)GG was more frequent in Tx versus Tx15 (P = 0.005) and versus controls (P = 0.002). HSPA1B (1267)G allele occurred more often in Tx versus Tx15 (P = 0.03), and versus controls (P = 0.02). TLR4 (299)AG genotype prevalence was increased in Tx15 versus Tx (P = 0.02), while TLR4 (299)G allele was more frequent in Tx15 versus Tx (P = 0.02). The increased frequency of HSPA1B (1267)AA and TLR4 (299)AG genotypes in Tx15 group indicates that better cytoprotective functions in HSPA1B (1267)AA and reduced proinflammatory response in TLR4 (299)AG carriers might have improved renal allograft survival.