Decreased bioavailability of rifampin and other antituberculosis drugs in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Nov;48(11):4473-5. doi: 10.1128/AAC.48.11.4473-4475.2004.

Abstract

We evaluated the effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease on pharmacokinetics of antituberculosis medications by measuring concentrations of isoniazid and rifampin in blood and of pyrazinamide and ethambutol in urine. Peak concentration and exposure were reduced for rifampin, and rapid acetylators of isoniazid had lower drug levels. HIV and HIV-tuberculosis patients who have diarrhea and cryptosporidial infection exhibit decreased bioavailability of antituberculosis drugs.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Acetylation
  • Adult
  • Antibiotics, Antitubercular / pharmacokinetics*
  • Antitubercular Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Biological Availability
  • Ethambutol / pharmacokinetics
  • Feces / microbiology
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / complications
  • HIV Infections / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Absorption
  • Isoniazid / pharmacokinetics
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Phenotype
  • Pyrazinamide / pharmacokinetics
  • Rifampin / pharmacokinetics*
  • Tuberculosis / complications
  • Tuberculosis / metabolism

Substances

  • Antibiotics, Antitubercular
  • Antitubercular Agents
  • Pyrazinamide
  • Ethambutol
  • Isoniazid
  • Rifampin