Engagement of protein kinase C-theta in interferon signaling in T-cells

J Biol Chem. 2004 Jul 16;279(29):29911-20. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M401997200. Epub 2004 May 18.

Abstract

Protein kinase C-theta (PKC-theta) plays important roles in the activation and survival of lymphocytes and is the predominant PKC isoform expressed in T-cells. Interferons regulate T-cell function and activation, but the precise signaling mechanisms by which they mediate such effects have not been elucidated. We determined whether PKC-theta is engaged in interferon (INF) signaling in T-cells. Both Type I (alpha, beta) and Type II (gamma) IFNs induced phosphorylation of PKC-theta in human T-cell lines and primary human T-lymphocytes. Such phosphorylation of PKC-theta resulted in activation of its kinase domain, suggesting that this kinase plays a functional role in interferon signaling. Consistent with this, inhibition of PKC-theta protein expression using small interfering RNAs (siRNA) abrogated IFN-alpha- and IFN-gamma-dependent gene transcription via GAS elements. Similarly, blocking of PKC-theta kinase activity by overexpression of a dominant-negative PKC-theta mutant also blocked GAS-driven transcription, further demonstrating a requirement for PKC-theta in IFN-dependent transcriptional activation. The effects of PKC-theta on IFN-dependent gene transcription were not mediated by regulation of the IFN-activated STAT pathway, as siRNA-mediated PKC-theta knockdown had no effects on STAT1 phosphorylation and binding of STAT1-containing complexes to SIE/GAS elements. On the other hand, siRNA-mediated PKC-theta inhibition blocked phosphorylation/activation of MKK4, suggesting that interferon-dependent PKC-theta activation regulates downstream engagement of MAP kinase pathways. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that PKC-theta is an interferon-inducible kinase and strongly suggest that it plays an important role in the generation of interferon-responses in T-cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Cell Line
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Genes, Dominant
  • Humans
  • Interferon Type I / metabolism
  • Interferon-gamma / metabolism
  • Interferons / metabolism*
  • Isoenzymes / metabolism*
  • Jurkat Cells
  • Luciferases / metabolism
  • MAP Kinase Kinase 4*
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / metabolism
  • Mutation
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Protein Kinase C / metabolism*
  • Protein Kinase C-theta
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • RNA, Small Interfering / metabolism
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Signal Transduction
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism*
  • Transcription, Genetic
  • Transcriptional Activation
  • Transfection

Substances

  • Interferon Type I
  • Isoenzymes
  • Protein Isoforms
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Interferon-gamma
  • Interferons
  • Luciferases
  • PRKCQ protein, human
  • Protein Kinase C
  • Protein Kinase C-theta
  • MAP Kinase Kinase 4
  • MAP2K4 protein, human
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases