Bladder cancer is important in Occupational Medicine and in Occupational Epidemiology. Multicentric studies and pooled analysis have contributed in the last few years to the identification and characterization of several risk factors for bladder cancer, both occupational and non-occupational. Currently, it is a research priority the study of genetic susceptibility and its interaction with environmental and occupational exposure to the various bladder cancer risk factors. Bladder cancer management entails a few aspects that directly involved the Occupational Phisycian in different activities such as biological monitoring of chemicals, known or suspected bladder carcinogens, health surveillance, fitness for work, the return to work of the bladder cancer patients and finally epidemiological surveillance and health promotion.