Advances in nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis are reviewed with 71 references in this paper. Capillary electrophoresis is generally performed in aqueous buffer. In fact, it can provide some advantages to use organic solvent as a separation medium instead of water. The choice of organic solvent and electrolyte, the detection mode and solute-additive interactions are summarized. Furthermore, the separation of inorganic ions, neural compounds, organic acids, pharmaceuticals, metabolites and chiral substance is also described.