Herpesvirus quiescence in neuronal cells: antiviral conditions not required to establish and maintain HSV-2 quiescence

J Neurovirol. 2000 Aug;6(4):296-302. doi: 10.3109/13550280009030755.

Abstract

We previously described a novel in vitro model of a non-productive herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection in neurally differentiated (ND)-PC12 cells that allows for inducible virus replication upon forskolin and heat stress (HS) treatment. In this research, we further characterized the model with respect to HSV-2 strain 333. We found that: (i) ND-PC12 cells are non-permissive to HSV-2 replication; (ii) HSV-2 can establish a quiescent infection, like HSV-1, in ND-PC12 cells with the transient use of acycloguanosine (ACV); however unlike HSV-1, anti-viral conditions are not obligatory to establish and maintain a quiescent state; (iii) the quiescent state is maintained in the presence of Vero cell cocultivation indicating that such cultures are free of infectious virus; and (iv) a high percentage of quiescently infected (QIF)-PC12 cell cultures (80 - 100%) produce HSV-2 in response to forskolin and HS (43 degrees C, 3 h) treatment for as long as 4 weeks post infection. These findings indicate that ND-PC12 cells can harbor HSV-2 in a cryptic and non-productive state that is reversible. This model has appealing features for studying gene expression during the establishment, maintenance and reactivation phases of the HSV-2 quiescent state in cell culture.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Acyclovir / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Chlorocebus aethiops
  • Coculture Techniques
  • Colforsin / pharmacology
  • Herpesvirus 2, Human / drug effects
  • Herpesvirus 2, Human / isolation & purification
  • Herpesvirus 2, Human / physiology*
  • PC12 Cells
  • Rats
  • Vero Cells
  • Viral Plaque Assay
  • Virus Activation
  • Virus Latency*

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Colforsin
  • Acyclovir