Laparoscopic ventral and incisional herniorrhaphy is gaining popularity among both surgeons and patients. The key to the success of this procedure is avoidance of complications. In this article, important considerations in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative aspects of this procedure are reviewed, with a particular focus on the repair of incisional defects. Surgical considerations to assist in the prevention of certain pitfalls associated with laparoscopic repair of ventral and incisional hernias are described.