Seven compounds have been isolated from Fructus Amomi. They were identified as bornyl acetate, camphor, borneol, beta-sitosterol, vanillic acid, stearic acid and palmitic acid. The vanillic acid was found in this medicine for the first time. Fifty-seven components were identified from the volatile oil of Fructus Amomi on the basis of GC-MS analysis. Eight components in the volatile oil over 1% in content are bornyl acetate, camphor, borneol, limonene, camphene, myrecene, carene-3 and alpha-terpeneol.