The present study was designed to investigate antinociceptive effect of GABA agonists regarding visceral as well as somatic noxious stimuli. Following the approval by the institutional animal care committee, an intrathecal catheter was implanted in the subarachnoid space at the L 4/5 level in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The tail flick (TF) test and the colorectal distension test (CD) were used to measure responses to somatic and visceral stimuli, respectively. Threshold in TF test and CD test were measured at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min after the intrathecal injection of 0.1, 1, 5, 20 micrograms of muscimol, 0.01, 0.1, 0.3, 1 microgram of baclofen or normal saline. Percent of maximum possible effect (%MPE) and %area under the curve (%AUC) were calculated by transforming response threshold in TF and CD tests. Repeated measure ANOVA followed by Fisher's PLSD test were used for statistical analysis. Muscimol 0.1 microgram increased mean %MPE in TF test at 10 min to 15% but not in CD test. Muscimol 1, 5 and 20 micrograms significantly increased %MPE at 5 min in TF and CD tests. Muscimol 20 micrograms produced 100%MPE for 180 min after drug injection. Baclofen 0.1, 0.3 and 1 microgram significantly increased %MPE at 5 min in TF and CD test. Antinociceptive effect in TF test seems to be greater than that in CD test. Muscimol caused motor disturbance but baclofen did not. It is concluded that intrathecally administered muscimol and baclofen produced somatic and visceral antinociception in a dose dependent fashion.