Background: Mortality from asthma increased and is now declining in some countries, but little is known about these trends in South America.
Objective: We aimed to assess trends in mortality from asthma in southern Brazil in children and young adults.
Methods: Death certificates of 425 people in the state of Rio Grande do Sul aged between 5 and 39 years in whom asthma was reported to be the underlying cause of death during the period 1970 to 1992 were reviewed. Population data were available in 10-year age groups. Testing for trends in mortality rates was conducted using linear and log-linear regression procedures.
Results: Asthma mortality rates in the age groups 5 to 19 and 20 to 39 years ranged between 0.04 and 0.39/100,000 and 0.28 to 0.75/100,000, respectively, and were nonuniformly distributed over the study period. The mean annual increase in rate in 5- to 19-year olds was +0.01 (95% CI 0.003 to 0.016), an average annual percentage increase of +6.8% (95% CI 3% to 11%), with a total increase of 352% between 1970 and 1992. This increase was not due to a shift in labeling from bronchitis to asthma. In the 20 to 39-year age group, asthma and bronchitis mortality rates showed no trend to increase or decrease.
Conclusions: Asthma mortality in southern Brazil is low, but rose significantly between 1970 and 1992 in the 5 to 19-year age group. This trend differs from that found in other states of Brazil and several other Latin American countries. Reasons for this difference remain unclear.
PIP: Levels of mortality due to asthma are declining in some countries. To measure trends in mortality from asthma in southern Brazil among children and young adults, the death certificates of 425 people in the state of Rio Grande do Sul aged 5-39 years in whom asthma was reported to be the underlying cause of death during the period 1970-92 were reviewed. Asthma mortality rates among people aged 5-19 and 20-39 years were 0.04-0.39/100,000 and 0.28-0.75/100,000, respectively, and were nonuniformly distributed over the study period. The mean annual increase in mortality rate among 5-19 year olds was 0.01, an average annual percentage increase of 6.8%, with a total increase of 352% during 1970-92. This increase was not due to a shift in labeling from bronchitis to asthma. Among people aged 20-39 years, asthma and bronchitis mortality rates showed no trend of increase or decrease. Reasons for the dramatic increase in asthma-related mortality among 5-19 year olds are unclear.